Example Responses To the Call

Industry Recommendation

According to the Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors,  “Active human barriers must have the detect-decide-act functionality – i.e., they must have one or more elements that allow them to:

• Detect the condition that is expected to initiate the performance of the barrier function;
• Decide what action needs to be taken, and;
• Take the necessary action.”

Lifecycle Model Solution

The model adopted the  ‘detect, decide, act’ construct promoted by the Center for Chemical Process Safety.  Separate model processes identify requirements for each phase. 

Industry Identified Deficiency

According to the International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (IOGP), situation awareness “…must be understood and applied at the adequate level of technical depth.  SA also needs to be understood and managed at both the individual and team levels.”

Lifecycle Model Solution for Individual SA

A globally recognized model from Dr. M. Endsley was adopted to guide 3 preliminary design phase processes that identify and specify task  requirements for the three situation  awareness levels defined by the model. (For each task, model processes evaluates the detect phase at the 3 sub phases defined by the SA model, an approach used in the more advanced and published human reliability assessment processes.)

Lifecycle Model Solution for Team SA

Definitions and guidance from the following globally recognized experts are employed to guide a process that identifies team SA requirements:  Drs. M. Endsley, E. Hollnagel, R. Flin, D. Chiappe, P. Salmon and N. Stanton

Industry Identified Deficiency

The Society of Petroleum Engineers identified decisions and decision making are challenged by “…cognitive limits and biases in decision making, physiologic factors…and the organizational conditions under which decisions are made.  Decisions are often required under the stress of time-pressure, with competing goals and with inadequate, insufficient, or uncertain understanding and unknown consequences.”

Lifecycle Model Solution

A preliminary design phase process identifies and defines every decision required by each task. The process adopts and is guided by models, cognitive science, and technical guidance from the globally recognized experts: Drs. R. Flin, D. Kahneman, G. Klein, J. Reason, C. Wickens, D. Woods, and others.